Please install the gcc make perl packages from your distribution.

解法：

In terminal…

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential gcc make perl dkms
reboot

then reinstall the VB Guest Additions.

Update:

• purge virtualbox-guest-dkms
• purge virtualbox-5.2 and any other virtualbox softwares
• ls -al /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/updates/dkms and look for any leftover virtualbox kernel drivers. These need to be manually deleted.
• dpkg -l *virtualbox* and dkms status should show no virtualbox software
• install virtualbox-5.2 and create your VM
• in the VM, choose the Devices menu, then “Insert Guest Additions CD Image”
• it’ll ask if you wish to install the Guest Additions
• Note: if it doesn’t automatically ask to install Guest Additions, you have to do it manually.
  • find the CD icon, on your desktop, or in Files, and open it
  • open a terminal in this directory
  • sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

資料來源

VirtualBox Guest Additions installation problem
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1035030/virtualbox-guest-additions-installation-problem

一開始直接 resize VirtualBox 的硬碟，會出現錯誤：

Failed to resize the storage unit of the hard disk xxxx.vdi from x.xx GB to z.zz GB.

這個解法很簡單：

• 點舊的 Hard disks 的 VDI 檔案。
• 點上方 toolbar 裡的 copy 功能。
• 新產生的 VDI 的 size 可以在下方調整，最後按下 Apply就可以解決。

虛擬的硬碟設定完成之後，就是在 OS 裡調整 partition 大小。

Resize a filesystem/partition

• 開啟 Disks 的程式。
  Open Disks from the Activities overview.
• 點硬碟.
  Select the disk containing the filesystem in question from the list of storage devices on the left. If there is more than one volume on the disk, select the volume which contains the filesystem.
• 選單「齒輪」裡點「Resize…」
  In the toolbar underneath the Volumes section, click the menu button. Then click Resize Filesystem… or Resize… if there is no filesystem.

• 調整為想要的大小後，按右上角的 Resize 按鈕。
  A dialog will open where the new size can be chosen. The filesystem will be mounted to calculate the minimum size by the amount of current content. If shrinking is not supported the minimum size is the current size. Leave enough space within the filesystem when shrinking to ensure that it can work fast and reliably.Depending on how much data has to be moved from the shrunk part, the filesystem resize may take longer time.The filesystem resize automatically involves repairing of the filesystem. Therefore it is advised to back up important data before starting. The action must not be stopped or it will result in a damaged filesystem.

• Confirm to start the action by clicking Resize.The action will unmount the filesystem if resizing a mounted filesystem is not supported. Be patient while the filesystem is resized.
• After completion of the needed resize and repair actions the filesystem is ready to be used again.

要調整 2次，分別是較高的 Extended Partition 和較低的 Filesystem 各 resize 一次，Ubuntu 的系統就變正常了。

原來是被 macOS 給擋掉 @_@；解法是在 Security & Privacy 裡，先點鎖頭圖示(Click the lock to make changes) 再點畫面上的 「Allow」

Allow 之後就可以正常安裝 VirtualBox 了，怪怪的，什麼時候多了這一個安全性的設定。

 Kernel driver not installed (rc=-1908)

Make sure the kernel module has been loaded successfully.

where: suplibOsInit what: 3 VERR_VM_DRIVER_NOT_INSTALLED (-1908) - The support driver is not installed. On linux, open returned ENOENT.

環境：

MacBookPro
macOS 10.14.5 Mojave

解法：

• 重啟你的Mac。
• 進入「安全模式」。 （⌘ Command鍵 + R）
• 從上面選單欄啟動「終端機」(Terminal)。
• 在終端機中輸入以下指令：

spctl kext-consent add VB5E2TV963
reboot

畫面示範：