VirtualBox Please install the gcc make perl packages from your distribution.

在使用「最小安裝」桌面版的Ubuntu 到 VirtualBox 裡的時候，在Ubuntu 裡插入VirtualBox 光碟並執行，會顯示錯誤訊息：

Please install the gcc make perl packages from your distribution.

解法：

In terminal…

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential gcc make perl dkms
reboot

then reinstall the VB Guest Additions.

Update:

• purge virtualbox-guest-dkms
• purge virtualbox-5.2 and any other virtualbox softwares
• ls -al /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/updates/dkms and look for any leftover virtualbox kernel drivers. These need to be manually deleted.
• dpkg -l *virtualbox* and dkms status should show no virtualbox software
• install virtualbox-5.2 and create your VM
• in the VM, choose the Devices menu, then “Insert Guest Additions CD Image”
• it’ll ask if you wish to install the Guest Additions
• Note: if it doesn’t automatically ask to install Guest Additions, you have to do it manually.
  • find the CD icon, on your desktop, or in Files, and open it
  • open a terminal in this directory
  • sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

資料來源

VirtualBox Guest Additions installation problem
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1035030/virtualbox-guest-additions-installation-problem